UNIT-1 : Besic Computer

Brief history of development of computers,
Computer system concepts,
Computer system characteristics,
Basic components of a computer system - Control unit, ALU,
Input/Output,
semiconductor Memory functions and characteristics,
memory - RAM, ROM, EPROM, PROM and other types of memory,
Capabilities and limitations,
Generations of computers,
Analog & Digital & Hybrid Computers,
General & Special Purpose Supercomputers,
Characteristics and area of Uses. computers,
Types of computers- Micro, Mini, Mainframe and Personal Computer (PCs-evolution of PCs,
configurations of PCs,
Pentium and Newer,
PCs specifications and main characteristics,
Types of PCs- Desktop, Laptop, Notebook, Palmtop, PDA etc.

UNIT 2 : Input Devices

Monitors- Characteristics and types of monitor, Size, Digital, Analog, Resolution, Refresh Rate, Interlaced / Non-Interlaced,
Dot Pitch,
Video Standard VGA, SVGA, XGA ete.
Printers and its Types Impact and Non-Impact printer, Dot Matrix, Inkjet, Laser, Plotter, 3D Printers, Sound Card and Speakers.

Storage Fundamentals - Primary Vs Secondary Data Storage and Retrieval Methods - Sequential,
Direct And Index Sequential,
Various Storage Devices - Magnetic Disks,
Hard Disk Drives,
Floppy, Disks,
Zip Drive,
Optical Disks,
CD, VCD, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD, DVD-Rw,
Video Disk, Blue Ray Dise,
flash drives SD/MMC Memory cards,
Solid-State Drive (SSD),
Physical structure of floppy & hard disk,
drive naming conventions in PC.

Software and Its Need,
Types of Software- System Software,
Application Software,
System Software- Operating System- definition & function,
Device Drivers & Utili Programs,
Introduction & Features of DOS,
Windows,
Programming Languag Machine, Assembly, High Level, 4GL, their Merits and Demerits,
Uses of Assemblers, Compilers and Interpreter.
Application Software and its Types- Word Processing,
Spreadsheet,
Presentation Graphics,
Data Base Management,
Desktop Publishing,
communication,
Educational,
Graphics & Multimedia,
Business Accounting,
MIS,
Gaming and ERP Software etc.
Computer coding system-ASCII, ISCII and Unicode,
Number system of computers- Binary, Octal, Decimal, Hexadecimal their conversion

Use of communication and IT,
Communication Process,
Component of communication- sender, receiver, transmission medium & protocol,
Communication types-Simplex, Half Duplex, Full Duplex,
Communication Channels-Twisted, Coaxial, Fiber Optic,
Modem-Working and characteristics,
Types of network-client/server and peer-to-peer networks,
Types of connections-Dialup, Leased Lines, ISDN, DSL, RF, Broad band uses, advantages & disadvantages,
Types of Network-LAN, WAN, MAN, Internet, VPN etc.,
Topologies of LAN-Ring, Bus, Star, Mesh and Tree topologies structure, uses, advantages & disadvantages,
Components of LAN-Media, NIC, NOS,
Network devices- Bridges, HUB, Routers, Repeatér, Gateways uses, advantages & disadvantages.

Fundamentals of Computers, Paperback by Reema Thareja, Oxford University Press.
Computer Fundamentals - 6th Edition by Pradeep K. Sinha, Priti Sinha, BPB Publications.
Computers Today, A. Ravichandran, Khanna Book Publishing.
Handbook of Computer Fundamentals by Nasib Singh Gill, Khanna Publishers.